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Writing an introduction (Academic IELTS Task 2)

Writing an essay is a challenge for both experienced and inexperienced writers. One reason is paragraphing. Most test takers know the basics of the task and they know what to expect. What they usually don't know how to figure out is how to start the essay.

In my experience, I have often recommended my students to understand the different words and/phrases often used in the test. Furthermore, I ask them to broaden their knowledge on myriads of topics by reading a lot, watching news, and even by discussing them with other people. Well, that's just the "input" process. 

Next, they are tasked to write down their ideas on the topic within a time limit to help them develop their critical thinking and decision-making skills. The catch is to ask them to write as honestly as possible and to stick with what they already now. That is easier said than done because most of my students concentrate too much on making an "impact". That is, they want to write something that is unique and remarkable. Of course, there's nothing bad about showing off and writing down intelligent content but remember, if you're time pressured, content is not as important as it sounds because... examiners check the PROPER USE of the ENGLISH language and not how great your ideas are. 

Enough about that, let's talk about writing.

Basically, you need to pick out the key words used in the topic. After this, brainstorm for possible synonyms or phrases that you can use for these keywords. The next step is to rewrite the topic. You somehow need to be grammar-savvy for this. Try your best to work your way around the list of synonyms you have listed when rewriting the topic. DO NOT replace some words in the topic just for the sake of ''paraphrasing". Be imaginative but don't include things are not necessary. This part can be very time-consuming but it is rewarding once you get the hang of it.

Lastly, include either one of these things:
1. an explanation of what you want to write about (This essay will discuss the...)
2. your reaction to the topic/question (It is clear that...)
3. the summary of the question by asking another question (How can we know for sure the...?)

To conclude, the first paragraph of your essay should follow this pattern: 

The paraphrased topic/question + One of the three things above. 

The following paragraphs will highly depend on whatever your content would be. Just remember that your sentences must be coherent and cohesive. 


Practise with these topics:
1. 
The continued rise in the world's population is the greatest problem faced by humanity at the present time. 
What are the causes of this continued rise?
Do you agree that it is the greatest problem faced by humanity?


2. 
In the past, when students did a university degree, they tended to study in their own country.
Nowadays, they have more opportunity abroad.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of this development?


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